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The left parenthesis symbol is used in math to group expressions together, group function arguments and to implicitly represent the multiplication operator. Typically, the symbol appears together with the right parenthesis symbol and is used in an expression like this:
By including the parentheses in the expression above, the order of operations changes so that the addition is performed before the multiplication.
The right parenthesis is used to mark the end of a group.
The left square bracket symbol is used in math to delineate the start of a matrix.
The right square bracket symbol is used in math to delineate the end of a matrix.
Left curly brace symbol.
Right curly brace.
A function takes input and produces output. The idea is a useful way to abstract away complexity and, especially in the age of computers, is a practical tool to solve problems.
In mathematics parentheses are used to group expressions to be evaluated together and organize the order of operations. Everything within the parantheses is evaluated, then the rest of the calculation is carried out.
Two expressions placed next to each other and separated by parenthesis are assumed to be multiplied together.
The order of operations is an agreed upon standard that describes what operations should be performed first in a math expression.