Complex Number
This figure illustrates the complex plane. The horizontal axis, labeled “Re”, represents the real part of a complex number and the vertical axis, labeled “Im”, represents the complex (also called “imaginary”) part of a complex number.
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A complex number is an extension of the real number line where in addition to the "real" part of the number there is a complex part of the number. The properties of complex numbers are useful in applied physics as they elegantly describe rotation.