# Greek Alphabet

The symbols of the Greek Alphabet are used throughout math to represent variables, constants, and coeffecients within math expressions. This page first lists the lower case Greek symbols and their usage and then lists the upper case Greek symbols and their usage in math.

Note, there is significant overlap between the Latin alphabet and the Greek alphabet. When a symbol is shared or very similar between the two alphabets, the Latin alphabet name is used.

## Lower Case Alphabet

Symbol Description

The Greek letter (alpha) is used in math as a variable.

The Greek letter (beta) is used in math as a variable.

The Greek letter (chi).

The Greek lower case letter (delta) is used in mathematics as a variable.

The Greek letter (epsilon).

The Greek letter (eta).

The Greek letter (gamma).

The Greek letter (iota).

The Greek letter (kappa).

The Greek letter (lambda) is a symbol used throughout mathematics, computer science, and physics.

The Greek letter (mu) is used in statistics to represent the population mean of a distribution.

The Greek letter (nu).

The Greek letter (omega).

The Greek letter (omicron).

The Greek letter (phi) is used in geometry as a constant to represent the golden ratio.

The Greek letter (pi) is used in trigonometry as a constant to represent a half-rotation around a circle in radians. The value of is approximately . The symbol appears in multiple geometric formulas.

The Greek letter (psi).

The Greek letter (rho) is used in math as a variable and in physics to represent density.

The Greek letter (tau) is used in math as the circle constant to represent a full rotation around a circle in radians. The value of is approximately and can be calculated by dividing any circle’s circumference by its radius.

The Greek letter (theta) is used in mathematics as a variable to represent a measured angle. For example, the symbol theta appears in the three main trigonometric functions: sine, cosine, and tangent as the input variable.

The Greek letter (xi).

The Greek letter (zeta).

## Upper Case Alhabet

Symbol Description

The capital Greek letter (capital alpha) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter A. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital A for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital beta) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter B. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital B for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital chi) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter X. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital X for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital greek letter (capital delta) is used in math to represent change. Typically, the symbol is used in an expression like this:

The capital Greek letter (capital epsilon) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter E. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital E for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital eta) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter H. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital H for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital gamma).

The capital Greek letter (capital ioata) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter i. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital I for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital kappa) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter K. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital K for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital lambda).

The capital Greek letter (capital mu) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter M. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital M for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital nu) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter N. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital N for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital omega).

The capital Greek letter (capital omnicron) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter O. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital O for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital phi).

The capital Greek letter (capital Pi) is used in math to represent the product operator. Typically, the product operator is used in an expression like this:

The capital Greek letter (capital psi).

The capital Greek letter (captial rho) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter P. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital P for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital sigma) is used in algebra to represent the summation operator.

The capital Greek letter (capital tau) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter T. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital T for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital theta).

The capital Greek letter (capital upsilon) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter Y. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital T for how the symbol appears in math.

The capital Greek letter (capital xi).

The capital Greek letter (capital zeta) is visually very similar to the upper-case Latin letter Z. For that reason, refer to the usage of Capital Z for how the symbol appears in math.